Iron and manganese
Orange, brown or dark staining can point toward dissolved metals or related conditions. Testing helps distinguish concentration, form and treatment fit.
Common water problems
Start with the clue, then verify the cause.
Stains, odors and scale can guide investigation, but similar symptoms can have different causes. Use these pages as orientation, not diagnosis.
Rotten-egg smell
Hydrogen sulfide, plumbing conditions and microbial activity can produce similar complaints. Locate the source before choosing oxidation or disinfection.
Hardness and scale
Hardness can affect fixtures, heating efficiency and soap performance. A measured hardness value supports correct softener sizing.
Sediment and turbidity
Particles may arise from the formation, well construction or plumbing. Micron size, loading and flow matter when selecting filtration.
Bacteria
Microbial findings call for prompt, qualified guidance. Treatment may involve source correction, shock procedures and ongoing disinfection.
Arsenic and nitrate
These concerns require appropriate testing. Treatment selection depends on measured levels, water chemistry and whether treatment is whole-house or point-of-use.
PFAS
Testing availability and treatment evidence continue to evolve. Use current official guidance and verified performance claims.
Low pH and corrosivity
Acidic or corrosive water may damage plumbing or mobilize metals. pH alone may not describe overall corrosion potential.
Low flow and pressure
A treatment system cannot compensate for every supply problem. Well yield, pump, pressure tank and peak household demand may need separate evaluation.
Next step: Once a cause is supported by testing, compare relevant treatment methods and their limitations.
Explore treatment methods